Ukusetyenziswa kweUbhedukuShishino lwamaPhepha
Kuluntu lwangoku lokutshintsha ulwazi, ukusetyenziswa kwephepha kukhulu.Iphepha libukeka lilula kumphezulu, kodwa inkqubo yokwenza iphepha inzima kakhulu, ifuna amanyathelo amaninzi kunye nokusetyenziswa koomatshini abaninzi, kubandakanywa i-coolers, i-evaporators, i-beaters, oomatshini bephepha kunye nokunye.Uninzi lwala macandelo, anje: iityhubhu ezahlukeneyo zokutshintshiselana ngobushushu, iirola, imivalo yokuvuthela, iimpompo zesemi-liquid kunye neentambo zocingo, ubukhulu becala zenziwe ngealloyi zentsimbi.Umzekelo, umatshini wephepha weFourdrinier osetyenziswayo ngoku utshiza ipulp elungisiweyo kwilaphu elinomnatha elihamba msinya elineminatha ecolekileyo (40-60 mesh).Umnatha ulukwa ngocingo lobhedu kunye nephosphor, kwaye lubanzi kakhulu, ngokubanzi lungaphezulu kweenyawo ezingama-20 (iimitha ezi-6), kwaye kufuneka lugcinwe ngokuthe tye.I-mesh ihamba phezu koluhlu lwee-roller ezincinci zobhedu okanye ubhedu, kwaye njengoko idlula kunye ne-pulp efafazwe kuyo, umswakama ufunxa phantsi.Umnatha uyangcangcazela ngaxeshanye ukubophelela imicu emincinci kwipulp kunye.Oomatshini abakhulu bephepha banobukhulu obukhulu bemesh, ukuya kuthi ga kwi-26 inyawo 8 intshi (8.1 yeemitha) ububanzi kunye neemitha ezili-100 (3 0.5 yeemitha) ubude.I-pulp emanzi ayinayo kuphela amanzi, kodwa iqulethe iikhemikhali ezisetyenziselwa inkqubo yokwenza iphepha, eyingozi kakhulu.Ukuze kuqinisekiswe umgangatho wephepha, iimfuno zezixhobo ze-mesh zingqongqo kakhulu, kungekhona nje amandla aphezulu kunye no-elasticity, kodwa kunye ne-anti-corrosion ye-pulp, i-alloy yobhedu ephonsiweyo iyakwazi ngokupheleleyo.
Ukusetyenziswa kobhedu kushishino lokushicilela
Ekushicileleni, ipleyiti yobhedu isetyenziselwa i-photoengraving.Emva kokuba ipleyiti yobhedu epholisiweyo ivuselelwe nge-emulsion ye-photosensitive, umfanekiso wesithombe wenziwa kuwo.I-photosensitive ipleyiti yethusi kufuneka ifudunyezwe ukuze iqine iglue.Ukuze ugweme ukuthambisa ngobushushu, ubhedu luhlala luqulethe ixabiso elincinci lesilivere okanye i-arsenic ukwandisa ubushushu obuthambileyo.Emva koko, ipleyiti ixhonywe ukwenza indawo eprintiweyo kunye nepateni ye-concave kunye namachaphaza e-convex asasazwayo.Olunye usetyenziso olubalulekileyo lobhedu ekushicileleni kukwenza iipatheni ngokucwangcisa iibhloko zefonti zobhedu kwii-automatter typesets.Iibhloko zodidi zihlala zikhokele ngobhedu, ngamanye amaxesha ubhedu okanye ubhedu.
Ukusetyenziswa kobhedu kwishishini lokubukela
Iiwotshi, iiwotshi kunye nezixhobo ezineendlela zewotshi ziveliswa ngoku apho uninzi lwamalungu asebenzayo enziwe "ngobhedu lwe-horological".I-alloy iqulethe i-1.5-2% ehamba phambili, eneempawu ezintle zokucwangcisa kwaye ifanelekile kwimveliso yobuninzi.Ngokomzekelo, iigiya zisikwe kwiintonga zobhedu ezinde ezigqithisiweyo, iivili ezisicaba zibethelwa kwimicu yobunzima obuhambelanayo, ubhedu okanye ezinye ii-alloys zobhedu zisetyenziselwa ukwenza ubuso bewotshi ekroliweyo kunye nezikrufu kunye namalungu, njl. Inani elikhulu leewotshi ezingabizi kakhulu zenziwe nge-gunmetal (tin-zinc bronze), okanye ifakwe ngesiliva ye-nickel emhlophe.Ezinye iiwotshi ezidumileyo zenziwe ngentsimbi kunye ne-alloys yobhedu.IBritish "Big Ben" isebenzisa intonga eqinileyo yegunmetal yesandla seyure kunye ne-14-foot-long-long-copper tube for the minute hand.Umzi-mveliso weewotshi zala maxesha, onengxubevange yobhedu njengeyona nto iphambili, esetyenzwa ngoomatshini bokushicilela nokubumba ngokuthe ngqo, unokuvelisa iiwotshi ezingama-10 000 ukuya kuma-30 000 ngosuku ngexabiso eliphantsi kakhulu.
Ukusetyenziswa kweCopper kuShishino lwaMayeza
Kwishishini lamachiza, zonke iintlobo ze-steaming, izixhobo zokubilisa kunye ne-vacuum zenziwe ngobhedu olucocekileyo.Kwizixhobo zonyango, i-zinc cupronickel isetyenziswa ngokubanzi.I-alloy ye-Copper nayo iyinto eqhelekileyo kwiifreyimu ze-spectacle kunye nokunye.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jul-01-2022