Ukusetyenziswa kweUbhedukuShishino lwamaPhepha
Kuluntu lwangoku lokutshintsha ulwazi, ukusetyenziswa kwephepha kukhulu.Iphepha libukeka lilula kumphezulu, kodwa inkqubo yokwenza iphepha inzima kakhulu, ifuna amanyathelo amaninzi kunye nokusetyenziswa koomatshini abaninzi, kubandakanywa i-coolers, i-evaporators, i-beaters, oomatshini bephepha kunye nokunye.Uninzi lwala macandelo, anje: iityhubhu ezahlukeneyo zokutshintshiselana ngobushushu, iirola, imivalo yokuvuthela, iimpompo zesemi-liquid kunye neentambo zocingo, ubukhulu becala zenziwe ngealloyi zentsimbi.Umzekelo, umatshini wephepha weFourdrinier osetyenziswayo ngoku utshiza ipulp elungisiweyo kwilaphu elinomnatha elihamba ngokukhawuleza elineminatha ecolekileyo (40-60 mesh).Umnatha ulukwa ngocingo lobhedu kunye nephosphor, kwaye lubanzi kakhulu, ngokubanzi lungaphezulu kweenyawo ezingama-20 (iimitha ezi-6), kwaye kufuneka lugcinwe ngokuthe tye.I-mesh ihamba phezu koluhlu lwee-roller ezincinci zobhedu okanye ubhedu, kwaye njengoko idlula kunye ne-pulp efafazwe kuyo, umswakama ufunxa phantsi.Umnatha uyangcangcazela ngaxeshanye ukubophelela imicu emincinci kwipulp kunye.Oomatshini abakhulu bephepha banobungakanani obukhulu bemesh, ukuya kuthi ga kwi-26 inyawo 8 intshi (8.1 yeemitha) ububanzi kunye neemitha eziyi-100 (3 0.5 yeemitha) ubude.I-pulp emanzi ayinayo kuphela amanzi, kodwa iqulethe iikhemikhali ezisetyenziselwa inkqubo yokwenza iphepha, eyona nto iyingozi kakhulu.Ukuze kuqinisekiswe umgangatho wephepha, iimfuno zezixhobo ze-mesh zingqongqo kakhulu, kungekhona nje amandla aphezulu kunye no-elasticity, kodwa kunye ne-anti-corrosion ye-pulp, i-alloy yobhedu ephonsiweyo iyakwazi ngokupheleleyo.
Ukusetyenziswa kobhedu kushishino lokushicilela
Ekushicileleni, ipleyiti yobhedu isetyenziselwa i-photoengraving.Emva kokuba ipleyiti yobhedu epholisiweyo ivuselelwe nge-emulsion ye-photosensitive, umfanekiso wesithombe wenziwa kuwo.I-photosensitive ipleyiti yethusi kufuneka ifudunyezwe ukuze iqine iglue.Ukuze ugweme ukuthambisa ngobushushu, ubhedu luhlala luqulethe ixabiso elincinci lesilivere okanye i-arsenic ukwandisa ubushushu obuthambileyo.Emva koko, ipleyiti ixhonywe ukwenza indawo eprintiweyo kunye nepateni ye-concave kunye namachaphaza e-convex asasazwayo.Olunye usetyenziso olubalulekileyo lobhedu ekushicileleni kukwenza iipatheni ngokucwangcisa iibhloko zefonti zobhedu kwii-automatter typesets.Iibhloko zodidi zihlala zikhokele ngobhedu, ngamanye amaxesha ubhedu okanye ubhedu.
Ukusetyenziswa kobhedu kwishishini lokubukela
Iiwotshi, iiwotshi kunye nezixhobo ezineendlela zewotshi ziveliswa ngoku apho uninzi lwamalungu asebenzayo enziwe "ngobhedu lwe-horological".I-alloy iqulethe i-1.5-2% ehamba phambili, eneempawu ezintle zokucwangcisa kwaye ifanelekile kwimveliso yobuninzi.Ngokomzekelo, iigiya zisikwe kwiintonga zobhedu ezinde ezigqithisiweyo, amavili asicaba abethelwa kwimicu yobunzima obuhambelanayo, ubhedu okanye ezinye iialloys zobhedu zisetyenziselwa ukwenza ubuso bewotshi ekroliweyo kunye nezikrufu kunye namalungu, njl. i-gunmetal (i-tin-zinc bronze), okanye ifakwe ngesilivere ye-nickel (ubhedu olumhlophe).Ezinye iiwotshi ezidumileyo zenziwe ngentsimbi kunye ne-alloys yobhedu.IBritish "Big Ben" isebenzisa intonga eqinileyo yegunmetal kwisandla seyure kunye ne-14-foot-long-long-tupper tube for the minute hand.Umzi-mveliso weewotshi zala maxesha, onengxubevange yobhedu njengeyona nto iphambili, esetyenzwa ngoomatshini bokushicilela nokubumba ngokuthe ngqo, unokuvelisa iiwotshi ezingama-10 000 ukuya kuma-30 000 ngosuku ngexabiso eliphantsi kakhulu.
Ukusetyenziswa kweCopper kuShishino lwaMayeza
Kwishishini lamachiza, zonke iintlobo ze-steaming, izixhobo zokubilisa kunye ne-vacuum zenziwe ngobhedu olucocekileyo.Kwizixhobo zonyango, i-zinc cupronickel isetyenziswa ngokubanzi.I-alloy ye-Copper nayo yinto eqhelekileyo kwiifreyimu ze-spectacle kunye nokunye.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jul-01-2022